中国南方湿润区红层地貌及相关问题探讨

Perspectives on the red beds landforms in humid area of southern China and some related problems

我国红层出露面积广大,但地学界对红层关注不足,各学科对红层问题的研究缺乏融合,存在着"多张皮"的问题;尤其是对红层这个特殊的脆弱地理单元的土地退化及生态环境问题缺少关注。南方湿润区是我国红层集中分布区之一,大部分红层区存在着严重的地貌灾害和水土流失问题,甚至分布着许多"红层荒漠"。红层区的土地退化虽与人的不合理利用关系密切,但其机理仍然是岩石地貌发育的自然演变问题。本文认为自然过程是一种多因子的综合作用过程,是互为因果的系统问题。本文分析了红层地貌及其红层区坡面侵蚀机理的研究现状,提出了红层地貌研究面临的科学问题,认为应该以系统动力学的思想方法,用跨学科的方式对红层与地貌发育-自然灾害-水土流失-生态退化-综合地理环境-生产和生活之间相互关系进行综合研究,以寻求国土治理和环境优化对策。

Although red beds are a widespread landscape in China,geosciences academia fail to pay much attention to it,and a lack of collaboration among related fields results in a trend that different disciplines have different interpretations of the same issue;specifically,much concern on red beds,the fragile geographical unit,is highly needed with regard to land degradation and environmental problems.Humid area in southern China is one of the places where red beds are densely distributed.However,most of red beds areas are suffering from serious geomorphological catastrophes and soil-water erosion;even worse,many places are witnessing huge patches of ＇red beds desert＇.Even if we might admit that irrational land use contributes to the land degradation in red beds,there is no doubt that land degradation is a natural result of rock landscape evolution.This paper first indicates that natural evolution serves as a process of multi-factors＇ effect,which can be regarded as a system of mutual causality.Also,this paper analyzes the current researches on slope erosion mechanism of red beds landforms and areas,and raises scientific problems in red beds researches are facing with.Furthermore,this paper claims that a new interdisciplinary thinking of System Dynamics should be introduced to conduct a comprehensive research on the interrelation between red beds and landform development,natural catastrophes,soil erosion,environment degradation,overall geographic environment as well as production-living.Finally,this paper will hopefully find a way to promote land management and environment optimization.