昆明市空间意象研究

RESEARCH ON SPACE IMAGE OF KUNMING CITY

通过问卷调查、图片辨认、认知地图和因子分析等研究方法,对昆明市微观空间意象和宏观空间结构意象进行了研究。研究结果表明,昆明市总体可意象程度较高;影响图片辨认及空间意象的因素众多,但经因子分析后,用不可观测的两个变量,即人气因子及建筑物色彩和形态因子可反映空间意象偏好;认知地图出现频率较高的要素主要是一些知名的节点和标志、道路、边界、区域等,昆明市宏观空间结构意象是以道路为主要支撑,以居住区与商业区为背景,特色建筑点缀其中的立体框架结构;宏观空间意象区域主要集中在市中心、商业中心、旅游景点、家庭住址或工作单位周边、公交路线区等地;城市建设应重视空间意象。

This article makes a study on the image of micro space scene and macro space structure in Kunming by questionnaire,photo recognition and cognitive mapping,factor analysis.Hence we conclude that Kunming can be highly imaged as a whole,there are much more factors that affect space image.However,after factor analysis,two variables that can not be observed,namely,popular color and form structures factor reflect the preferences of space imagery;Components that showed in cognitive mapping are nodes,sign,road,region,boundary etc.the image of macro space structure is a framework which is upheld by road and has residential area and shopping center as its background.And the framework is dotted about population distributing center and the buildings with certain features.the most imageable areas are concentrated in the center of the city,shopping center,landscape,or near family and workplace,along bus line.etc.Some suggestions are made for urban construction according to the above conclusions and findings.