50年来北京旅游气候舒适度变化分析

Variation of tourism climate comfort degree in Beijing in the last 50 years

利用温湿指数、风寒指数、着衣指数、综合舒适指数及50年气候统计资料,对北京旅游气候舒适度变化进行了分析和描述。结果显示:50年来各月气候舒适指数大致都经历了两个阶段的变化,其中各月温湿指数和风寒指数先下降后上升,着衣指数先上升后下降;1958-2008年各时段温湿指数、风寒指数、着衣指数各舒适等级平均持续时间长度存在较大差异,其中A级风寒指数、着衣指数持续时间长度增加,e级温湿指数、风寒指数和着衣指数持续时间缩短,适宜旅游的时间在增加,不适宜旅游的时间在减少;50年来北京气候舒适度年内变化的"M"形逐渐变宽,2月、10-11月变化最为明显,其中2月、10-11月气候舒适度上升,促进了旅游业的发展,8月气候舒适度下降,对旅游业有抑制作用;春秋冬季各月综合舒适指数先下降后上升,夏季各月综合舒适指数则先上升后下降,50年来年综合舒适指数整体呈上升趋势,适宜旅游的时间在增加,对旅游业发展有促进作用。

Based on the climate data of the last 50 years,the variation of tourism climate comfort degree in Beijing in the last 50 years is analyzed by the way of THI,WCI,ICL and CCI.Results showed that： ① Climate comfort degree of each month experienced two stages in the last 50 years.The THI and WCI of each month decreased at first,but then increased.The ICL of each month increased at first,but then decreased.②The mean duration times of different class of THI,WCI,and ICL during different stages from 1958 to 2008 were different.The mean duration time of class A of THI,ICL increased.that of THI,WCI and ICL decreased.The time which is suitable for touring was increasing,and the time which is unsuitable for touring was decreasing.③The shape of the variation of climate comfort degree in a year which was like an ＂M＂ has become wider.Climate comfort degree of February,October and November increased,and this was helpful for tourism＇s development.Climate comfort degree of August decreased,this was unhelpful for tourism＇s development.④Comprehensive comfort index of each month in spring,winter and fall decreased at first,but then increased,comprehensive comfort index of each month in summer increased at first,but then decreased.CCI of a year increased in the last 50 years.The time which is suitable for touring was increasing.Tourism development of Beijing will be promoted.