发展话语下我国农村留守老人的福利之“痛”

The Welfare "Pain" of the Left-behind Elderly in Rural China under the Development Discourse

追求现代性的发展话语正在中国复制西方工业化和城市化的发展主义路径。中国在向现代化转型这一过程中,上亿农村劳动力的乡城迁移改变了传统的农村家庭养老结构,削弱了家庭和社区的养老功能,恶化了留守老人的福利状况,留守老人及其家庭并不能完全通过能动应对来克服,因此对留守老人养老造成不利影响。然而,追求现代化范式的国家制度框架正越来越强化村庄的开放性和流动性,却没有采取相应措施来应对留守老人面对的福利困境,从而导致其养老结构出现"断裂",成为被现代化"抛弃"的群体。

In pursuit of modernity, the development discourse is regenerating the western developmentalism path of industrialization and urbanization in the Chinese context. During the course of transformation towards modernization, the mass migration of the rural young labors changes the traditional structure of the familial support system for the old ages, undermines the supporting function of the families and the communities, and as a result of which, deteriorates the welfare of eld- erly left behind. These negative impacts generated by the migration to the elderly are not likely to be entirely overcome by the elderly and their families themselves. However, instead of providing any countermeasures to improve the welfare situation of the elderly in rural areas, the institutional framework that pursues the modernization paradigm is strengthening the openness and mobility of the villages, which leads to the ＂fracturation＂ of the old-age support system for the left-behind elderly and makes them become ＂outcasts＂ of modernization.