“固然”的多角度分析及教学探讨

An Analysis of "Guran" from the Multi-perspective and its Teaching in TCSL

＂固然＂常和＂但是＂连用,它的使用有特殊的语义背景,＂固然＂所在的小句承认对方刚刚提出的事实或很多人公认的看法,＂但是＂所在的小句表达反转的语义,是说话人表达的重心。＂固然……但是＂句有4种主要格式：A固然C,但是（A）也D（C和D有相反的关系）;A固然C1,但是B也C2。（C1、C2有类同的关系）;A固然C1,但是（如果/只要）……,A就不C2了。（C1、C2有类同的关系）;A固然C1,但是更C2的是……（C1、C2有类同的关系）。＂固然＂的使用受到语体、篇章和预设的影响,在对外汉语教学实践中营造论辩会话语境进行＂固然＂主要格式的操练能收到很好的效果。

＂gùrán＂and ＂dànshì＂ often appear simultaneously.The use of ＂gùrán＂ has some specific semantic background.＂gùrán＂ clause has the meaning of accepting the fact that someone proposed just now or some accepted opinion.＂dànshì＂ clause expresses some opposite meaning which is the focus of the speaker.There are four patterns in terms of ＂gùrán…dànshì＂ sentence： 1.A gùrán C,dànshì（A）yě D（D is contrary to C）;2.A gùrán C1,dànshì B yě C2.（C2 is similar to C1）;3.A gùrán C1,dànshì（rúguǒ/zhǐyào）…,A jiù bù C2 le.（C2 is similar to C1）;4.A gùrán C1,dànshì gèng C2 de shì……（C2 is similar to C1）.The use of gùrán is influenced by stylistic,textual and presupposition factors.The effective teaching of the main gùrán patterns in TCFL relies in the construction of some context of debate.