丧孝和追孝的产生及其影响

On the Generation of Funeral and Sacrifice and Their Influences

学术界多数学者认为孝的产生是个体家庭出现和建立在血缘基础上"亲亲"的结果,而实际上丧孝与追孝产生的条件当中包含了必不可少的恐惧成分,其次才是"亲亲"。由于过去总是用唯物主义的史学观来告诉人们"人死为空",故而对古代遗留下来的丧葬礼仪,大加批判,斥责为"封建遗毒"。然而纵使它的确有众多的消极影响,但结合具体的历史环境,丧孝和追孝在历史上曾经起到过积极的意义。

Most scholars believe that filial piety is generated from the appearance of individual families and based on the awareness of ＂flesh and blood＂. In reality, the conditions on which funeral and sacrifice came into being contains indispensable fear which comes before ＂flesh and blood＂. From the viewpoint of materialism, people used to declare that death means emptiness. They severely criticized the ancient funeral rites and denounced them as ＂feudal legacy＂. In reality, with a view to the ancient specific historical circumstances, funeral and sacrifice played an important role in history despite their negative influences.