《乔家大院》中请求言语的意象图式分析

Research on Image Schema of Requests in The Grand Courtyard of the Qiaos

请求言语行为是日常交际中常用的言语行为之一,通常被认为是一种面子威胁行为。在不同的场合中,说话人为了达到请求目的和礼貌要求之间关系的协调一致,通常会采取不同的请求策略以保全对方的面子。《乔家大院》是一部讲述"商业奇才"乔致庸创业传奇的长篇小说,其中的人物对话较丰富,请求言语占较高比重,每一句请求言语都是作者精雕细琢的结果。意象图式作为隐喻识解的重要手段,对看似不相关请求模式背后一致的认知机制有一定的解释力。从认知语言学的角度对《乔家大院》中请求言语行为的意象图式进行分析,找出实施请求策略背后的动因,有助于读者在更深层次上理解人与人之间的交流,了解人物性格,更好地解读这部小说。

Request is one of the commonly used speech acts in our daily communication,and is regarded as a kind of face-threatening act.In order to coordinate the purpose of requests and politeness needs,speakers usually adopt different request strategies to save others＇ faces.The Grand Courtyard of the Qiaos is a legendary novel about the ＂business genius＂,Qiao Zhiyong,who sets up his own business.In this novel,the dialogues are very rich,especially the requests,and each request is exquisitely carved by the author.As a way of construing metaphors,image schema can explain the consistent cognitive mechanism behind the seemingly unrelated request patterns.This paper attempts to analyze the image schema of requests in The Grand Courtyard of the Qiaos from the perspective of cognitive linguistics,finding out the reasons for implementing different kinds of request strategy,which is helpful for the readers to understand the people＇s communication on a deeper level,knowing about the characters＇ personalities and interpreting this novel better.