特用玉米品种抗丝黑穗病鉴定与评价

Identification and Evaluation for Resistance to Head Smut in Special Purposed Maize Hybrids

采用人工接种鉴定方法,评价了236份次特用玉米杂交种对丝黑穗病的抗病性,结果表明,高抗型占1.3%,抗型占8.1%,中抗型占6.8%;感病型占50.0%,高感型占33.9%。在不同类型的特用玉米品种中,对丝黑穗病的抗性表现有较大差异,中抗以上的品种,高油玉米较多,占该品种的46.2%;青贮玉米次之,占20.3%;糯玉米较少,占13.2%;甜玉米最少,只占6.9%。通过山西省审定的30个特用玉米品种中,仅有3个表现抗病,生产上要注意丝黑穗病的防治。

The resistances to head smut were identified and evaluated among 236 special purposed maize hybrids,based on artificial inoculation.The results showed that 1.3%,8.1%,6.8%,50.0% and 33.9% of maize hybrids were grouped to high resistance,resistance,moderate resistance,susceptible and high susceptibility types,respectively.The resistances to head smut varied greatly between types of the special purposed maize hybrids.Among maize hybrids with moderate resistance,high oil maize hybrids were the most accounting for 46.2%;silage maize secondly accounting for 20.3%;while the waxy maize less accounting for 13.2% and sweet corn the least accounting for 6.9%,respectively.In 30 certificated special purposed maize varieties,only three of them showed disease resistance,so attention should be paid to the prevention and control of head smut in production.