2008年汶川大地震前后绵阳市涪城区甲乙类传染病疫情分析

Analysis on Category A and B Infectious Diseases in Fucheng District,Mianyang City,before and after the 2008 Earthquake

[目的]掌握绵阳市涪城区地震前后法定传染病的流行特征,为政府和有关部门制定传染病预防控制措施提供参考依据。[方法]对涪城区地震前(2005～2007年)、地震后(2008～2010年)法定报告甲、乙类传染病疫情资料进行分析。[结果]2005～2010年涪城区累计报告甲、乙类法定传染病15种、13 518例,死亡15例,年均发病率为343.39/10万,病死率为0.11%。其中,地震前报告14种8 367例,死亡6例,年均发病率为430.55/10万;地震后累计报告13种5 151例,死亡9例,年均发病率为258.41/10万。呼吸道传染病年均发病率为135.93/10万,地震前为160.55/10万,地震后为111.92/10万(P<0.01);消化道传染病年均发病率为23.95/10万,地震前为25.88/10万,地震后为22.07/10万(P<0.01);虫媒及自然疫源传染病年均发病率为1.73/10万,地震前为2.83/10万,地震后为0.65/10万(P<0.01);血液及性传播传染病年均发病率为177.18/10万,地震前为235.06/10万,地震后为120.75/10万(P<0.01)。城区、农村年均发病率,地震前分别为370.51/10万、505.54/10万(P<0.01),地震后分别为232.78/10万、289.55/10万(P<0.01)。2005～2010年年均发病率,男性为423.50/10万,女性为256.87/10万(P<0.01);0～9岁、10～14岁、15～39岁、40～59岁、≥60岁分别为95.61/10万、224.17/10万、441.97/10万、300.87/10万、421.13/10万(P<0.01)。[结论]涪城区地震后甲、乙类传染病发病率下降,主要传染病是呼吸道和消化道传染病。

[Objective]To know the characteristics of the notifiable infectious diseases before and after the earthquake in Fucheng district,Mianyang city,so as to provide scientific proof for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. [Methods]Analysis was made on the data of the A and B notifiable infectious diseases in Fucheng district before the earth-quake（2005-2007） and after the earthquake（2008 2009）. EResults]In Fucheng district,there were 15 kinds and 13 518 ca ses of A and B reported in total,among which 15 cases died. The annual morbidity was 343.39/10^5 and the annual mortality was 0.11%. Among those, there were 14 kinds and 8 367 cases reported and 6 cases died before the earthquake. The annual morbidity was 430.55/10^5. There were 13 kinds and 5 151 cases and 9 cases died after the earthquake. The annual morbidity was 258.41/10^5. The annual morbidity of respiratory infections was 135.93/10^5, and 160.55/105 before the earthquake and 111.92/10^5 after the earthquake（ P 〈0.01）. The annual morbidity of gastrointestinal infections was 23.95/10^5,and 25.88/10^5 before the earthquake and 22.07/10^5 after the earthquake（ P 〈0.01）. The annual morbidity of insect vectors and nature endemic infections was 1.73/10^5 , and 2.83/10^5 before the earthquake and 0.65/10^5 after the earthquake（ P d0.01）. The annual morbidity of blood and sexually transmitted infections was 177.18/10^5 , and 235.06/10^5 before the earthquake and 120.75/10^5 after the earthquake（ P〈0.01 ）. Before the earthquake, urban and rural inci dence rates were 370.51/10^5 and 505.54/10^5（ P 〈0.01）, after the earthquake, urban and rural incidence rates were 232.78/10^5 and 289.55/10^5 （ P 〈0.01） ;male and female incidence rates were 423.50/10^5 and 256.87/10^5（P〈0.01） ;0- 9 years old, 10-14 years old, ]5-39 years old,40 59 years old,≥60 years of age were 95.61/10^5 ,224.17/10^5 ,441.97/10^5 , 300.87/10^5 ,421.13/10^5（ P〈0. 01）. [Conclusion]The morbidity of A and B infectious diseases decline after the earth-quake in Fucbeng district. The main infectious diseases are respiratory infections and respiratory infections.