2007～2010年济南市手足口病流行病学特征分析

Analysis on the Epidemiological Characteristics of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease in Jinan City,2007-2010

[目的]了解济南市手足口病的流行特征及流行趋势,为制订手足口病的防治策略提供科学依据。[方法]对2007～2010年济南市手足口病资料进行分析。[结果]2007～2010年济南市手足口病报告发病30 031例(其中重症病例47例、2010年死亡2例),年均发病率为122.20/10万。2007～2010年发病率分别为101.74/10万、52.82/10万、127.63/10万、205.93/10万。2007～2010年年均发病率,城区4区为176.62/10万,6个郊县(市、区)为91.94/10万(P<0.01);男性为145.17/10万,女性为98.63/10万(P<0.01)。30 031例病人中,散居儿童占54.22%,幼托儿童占41.64%,学生占3.54%,工人占0.14%,干部职工占0.14%,家务待业占0.12%,其他人群占0.21%;0～11月龄占5.67%,1～4岁分别占17.20%、24.47%、23.40%、14.28%,5～76岁占14.97%;4～8月发病的占83.59%。2008～2010年合计检测病人粪便标本1 464份,病毒核酸阳性的1 003份(肠道病毒71型阳性361份、A组柯萨奇16病毒292份,其他肠道病毒阳性350份),阳性率为68.51%。[结论]济南市手足口病疫情上升明显,同时存在肠道病毒71型与A组柯萨奇16病毒引起的发病。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot -mouth disease（HFMD） in Jinan city and provide scientific basis for making preventive control strategy. [Methods] Analysis was made on the epidemics of HFMD during 2007-2010 in Ji＇nan city. [Results]A total of 30 031 HFMD cases were reported during 2007-2010,including 47 serious cases and 2 deaths in 2010. The average annual incidence of HFMD was 122.20/10^5. The annual morbidity was 101.74/10^5 ,52.82/10^5,127.63/10^5and 205.93/10^5. Urban incidence of HFMD was 176.62/10^5 ,rural 91.94/10^5 （ P 〈 0. 01）. The male incidence was 145.17/10^5 , female 98. 63/10^5 （ P〈0. 01）. In 30 0,31 cases, scattered children accounted for 54.22%, kindergarten children 41.64%, pupils 3.54%, workers 0. 14%, cadres and workers 0.14%, houseworkers and unemployed men 0.12%, other people 0.21%. The children under 1 years old accounted for 5.67%,1-4years old 17.20%,24.47%/40,23.40% ,and 14.28% respectively,5-76 years old 14.97%. The peak period was April to August,accounting for 83.59~. In 2008-2010,1 464 stool specimens were tested, 1 003 were nucleic acid positive,including EV71 positive 361 ,CVA16 positive 292 and other enterovirus positive 350. The positive rate was 68. 51%. [Conclusion]The epidemic of HFMD incresses obviously. EV71 and CVA16 virus are the cioint causes of the HFMD.