乔治·华盛顿军事思想述评

Commentary on George Washington's Military Ideas

早在殖民地时期,华盛顿就生动地阐述了用武力反抗暴政的思想。独立战争期间,伴随着军事斗争实践经验的不断积累,华盛顿的军事思想得以全面丰富和发展,主要包括:实行积极的防御,根据敌我双方的力量对比灵活制定战略;着眼形势的发展,正确作出判断和决策;集中优势兵力;保持部队的机动性;加强正规军建设;树立必胜的信念;建立国际军事同盟;等等。华盛顿和平时期的国防思想主要包括以下内容:坚持不加重国家经济负担的军事建设原则;把海军放在军队建设的第一位;国防建设的基点放在民兵身上;坚持文官治军原则;重视军事教育和军事科研;等等。

As early as colonial period,Washington vividly has expounded ideas to overthrow tyranny with violence.During Independent War,his military thoughts enriched and developed in an all-round way with constant accumulation of military struggle experience.In brief,Washington's military ideas mainly included the following aspects: implementing positive defense and making flexible strategies according to power contrast;making right judgment and decision based on development of the situation;concentrating a superior force;keeping flexibility of the force;strengthening regular army building;establishing belief of victory;founding international military allies,and so on.In comparison,his defense thoughts in peaceful period were as the follows: military building should not burden national economy;putting navy building first;militia was the basis of defense building;civil officials ruling the army;paying more attention to military education and military scientific research.