转基因抗虫棉对土壤养分和酶活性的影响

Effects of insect-resistant transgenic cotton on soil nutrients and enzyme activities

以连续种植传统非转基因棉、转基因抗虫棉5 a和10 a的棉田为对象,研究了转基因抗虫棉对土壤养分和酶活性的影响。结果表明:与常规棉田相比,种植转基因抗虫棉土壤有机质、全氮、水解氮和有效磷含量没有显著差异,但增加了土壤速效钾含量;种植5 a转基因抗虫棉显著提高土壤脱氢酶活性,种植10 a转基因抗虫棉显著提高土壤过氧化氢酶活性;在转基因抗虫棉花大量采集期,土壤全氮和速效钾含量有所降低,而土壤pH、有机质含量有所升高。

Effects of insect-resistant transgenic cotton on soil nutrients and enzyme activities were studied after planting insect-resistant transgenic cotton for 5 and 10 years.The results revealed that there were no significant differences for soil organic matter,total nitrogen,hydrolysable nitrogen and available phosphorus between soil planting with insect-resistant transgenic cotton and that with non-transgenic cotton,but soil available potassium increased.Compared with soil planting with non-transgenic cotton,soil dehydrogenase activity significantly increased after 5 years,and soil catalase activity also significantly increased after 10 years planting with transgenic cotton.In the collection period of insect-resistant transgenic cotton,soil total nitrogen and available potassium decreased,by contrast,soil pH and organic matter increased.