复杂环境下高速列车动态行为数值仿真和运行安全域分析

Dynamic behaviour numerical simulation and safety boundary analysis for high speed trains in severe environments

简要介绍中国高速铁路网的发展规划.列举全世界高速铁路在过去运营过程中出现的几次重大脱轨事故并分析其原因,将这些导致列车脱轨的因素定义为列车运行的复杂环境状态.综述复杂环境下列车安全运行的研究现状和建模方法.简要讨论几种传统的脱轨评价准则,并改进基于轮轨几何接触状态的脱轨评价准则.提出一种研究复杂环境下高速列车安全运行的方法,并严格定义高速列车的安全运行界限.介绍复杂环境下高速列车及2种轨道结构(有碴轨道和板式轨道)的理论建模方法.建立基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学的复杂环境下列车脱轨模型.利用不同的脱轨评判准则和动力学仿真计算结果,得到复杂环境下高速列车的安全运行界限.为深入阐述脱轨安全域的思想,利用车辆-有碴轨道耦合动力学模型分析轨道鼓胀对高速列车安全运行的影响.用数值算例详细分析直线轨道鼓胀作用下车辆轮对的动力学响应、动态脱轨行为以及运行安全域.

The development plan of high speed railways in China is briefly introduced.A few serious derailment accidents in the world are listed and the corresponding causes are briefly described and defined as severe environments in which the trains operate.The research status and the modelling methods of trains running in such severe environments are reviewed.Several traditional derailment criteria are briefly discussed and the derailment criterion which is based on wheel-rail contact geometry relation is improved,and the safety operation boundaries are strictly defined.The theoretical modelling method of high speed trains and two kinds of railway track structures（ballasted track and slab bed track） in severe environments are introduced.A derailment model is built based on vehicle-track coupling dynamics in severe environments.The safety operation boundaries of high speed trains in severe environments are obtained by using different derailment criteria and dynamics simulation results.The safety operational boundaries for high speed trains passing over bulked track are analyzed by dynamics model for vehicle coupled with ballasted track to fully understand the presented method.The dynamic behaviours of the wheelsets,dynamic derailment behaviours and safety operation boundaries are analyzed under effect of straight bulked tangent track by numerical examples.