渤海湾大型底栖动物群落组成及与环境因子的关系

Community Component of Macrobenthos in Bohai Bay and Their Relationships with Environmental Factors

采用海上定点采样调查、等级聚类(CLUSTER)、多维排序标度(MDS)、典范对应分析(CCA)等多种方法,研究了2009年春季渤海湾大型底栖动物种类组成及其与环境因子的相关性。本次调查共采集到大型底栖动物31种,其中多毛类8种,软体动物12种,甲壳动物4种,棘皮动物3种,脊索动物、纽形动物、螠虫门、半索动物各1种,大型底栖动物优势种为黑龙江河蓝蛤。调查海域大型底栖动物的平均密度为91.2个/m2,平均生物量为83.06 g/m2。CLUSTER和MDS分析表明,大型底栖动物的分布具有显著的空间差异性,依此将大型底栖动物简单地分为4个群落。CCA分析显示,pH、溶解氧、透明度、水深与大型底栖动物分布的相关性较大。

The marine investigation, cluster analysis, multidimensional scaling （MDS）-, and the canonical correspondence analysis（CCA）were selected to study the community component of macrobenthos in the Bohai Bay and their relationships with environmental factors. A total of 31 macrobenthos species were collected, 8 species were polychaete, 12 species were mollusc, 4 species were crustacea, 3 species were echinoderm, 1 species was chordata, 1 species was nemertean, 1 species was echiuridae, 1 species was hemichordates. The dominant species was Potamocorbula amurensis. The average density and biomass of the macrobenthos in the Bohai Bay were 91.2 ind/m2 and 83.06 g/m2 .The cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling showed that their distribution had obvious spatial heterogeneity, 4 station groups were simply divided. CCA showed that pH, DO, depth, transparence had strong relationship with macrobenthos.