广东政区地名文化景观研究

Culture Landscapes of Place Names of Administrative Regions in Guangdong

对广东现有143条政区名称按照政区地名、命名规律、名称出现最早时间和距今(截至2007-12-31)时限等属性建立广东省政区地名数据库,并进行分类统计分析。研究结果表明:全省143条政区名称中,有一半政区地名在明代及明代以前就已产生。改革开放以来,出现大量以"市"和"区"为通名的新政区地名,但专名多保留不变。在空间分布上,广东政区名称表现出随时间变迁呈现不均衡的分布规律;在政区名称命名方式上,越早出现的政区名称,以自然地理实体特征得名越突出,越是晚出现的政区名称,因社会人文事象得名越明显。从音节语言结构看,双音节政区名称占绝对优势,偏正式结构所占达67.8%,具有与全国其它地区大体一致的特征。此外,全省政区名称的通名、专名及其语言结构等方面也具有岭南地域文化的某些特性,移民、区域开发和国家行政区域体制变迁是广东政区地名文化景观形成的主要原因。

Place names own the instructive functions to different historical periods and different regional social cultures as language fossils. In this paper a database is created for 143 place names in Guangdong province based on their administrative regions, naming patterns, the earliest time when the names appeared and their retention time, then a statistical analysis and classification are conducted. The results show that half of the place names in the 143 administrative regions of the province appeared before the Ming Dynasty, among them, a lot of new administrative region names raised up as generic name based on ＂city＂ or ＂district＂ although profile names were retained since the reform and opening of China. The names of the administration regions change in different periods and present an uneven distribution pattern. The earlier the administrative region names appeared, the more natural features were reflected, while the later the names appeared, the more human features reflected. Disyllabic administrative region names are dominant. From the language structure point of view, partial formal structure accounts for 67.8% of the total, additional structure 14.7%, joint structure 9.1%, subject-predicate structure 5.6% and verb-object structure 2.8%, respectively. That shows the same characteristics as in other provinces of the country. In addition, they have a certain characteristics of Lingnan culture.