我国物流业上市公司全要素生产率的实证分析

Empirical Analysis on Total Factor Productivity of Listed Companies in China′s Logistics Industry

利用基于DEA的Malmquist生产率指数法,选取4个投入指标和2个产出指标,对2005—2009年我国22家物流行业上市公司(分为港口类和运输类)的全要素生产率指数及其分解进行动态测算。结果表明:2005—2009年我国22家物流公司的Malmquist生产率指数总体上呈下降趋势,2009年的Malmquist生产率指数最低,该下降趋势主要是由技术水平下降造成的;纯技术效率和规模效率比较低,但呈增长态势;运输类公司的技术效率大于港口类公司,但技术效率年均增长幅度的情况恰好相反;与长三角地区和泛珠三角地区相比,位于环渤海地区的物流行业上市公司的Malmquist生产率指数最高,该地区的物流业发展潜力较大。最后,提出相应的政策建议。

This paper selects four input indices and two output indices to study empirically the total factor productivity index and its decomposition of 22 listed companies in China＇s logistics（transport and port） industry from 2005 to 2009 by the method of based-DEA Malmquist productivity index. The results show as follows：on the whole,the Malmquist productivity index of 22 listed companies in China＇s logistics（transport and port） industry from 2005 to 2009 has a descending trend, and the minimum happened in 2009, which causes by the decline of technical levels pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency is relatively low, but have an increasing trend ; the technical efficiencies of transport listed companies are bigger than those of port listed companies from 2005 to 2009 ,but the average growth margin per annum of technical efficiency of the port listed company is hi.gher than that of the transport listed company, compared with the Yangtze River Delta and the Pan pearl River Delta area, the Mal.mquist productivity index of logistics listed companies in the area around the Bohai Sea are the hlghest,and the development potential of logistics industry in this area is great. Finally,it puts forward some suggestions.