5～10岁弱视、斜视患儿的流行病学调查分析

Epidemiology of 5～10-year-old patients with amblyopia and strabismus

目的调查5～10岁儿童弱视、斜视的发病率与相关因素,为制定社区防治措施提供科学依据。方法对1607例(3214眼)弱视、斜视患儿用国际标准视力表、角膜映光法及交替遮盖法、眼球运动进行检查,进一步使用1%阿托品散瞳验光并行眼底检查。排除其他器质性病变,矫正视力≤0.08者定为弱视。结果弱视患病率为3.42%,斜视患病率为2.24%。各年龄组的弱视、斜视发病率没有显著性差异(P>0.05),弱视类型中以屈光不正性弱视最常见(P>0.05)。立体视的建立与眼位有明显关系。结论斜视发病率与性别无显著性差异,弱视构成比中屈光不正性弱视明显高于其他类型弱视,立体现的建立与眼位有明显关系。

Objective To investigate the incidence of amblyopia and strabismus of the urban children aged 5-10 and related factors so that the scientific basis can be provided for formulating the community control measures.Methods 1607 cases（3214 eyes） were checked by the international standard visual acuity chart,corneal light reflection method,the alternating cover method,and eye movement examination.1% atropine was further used with mydriasis optometry and fundus examination.With the exclusion of other organic disease,their corrected visual acuity was checked to be ≤0.8 were defined as amblyopia.Results Amblyopia prevalence was 3.42% and strabismus prevalence 2.24%.The incidence（P0.05） of amblyopia and strabismus in each age group had no significant difference.In the type of amblyopia,the refractive amblyopia was the most common（P0.05）.The establishment of stereopsis was clearly related to eye position.Conclusion The incidence of amblyopia and strabismus has no significant gender differences.The constituent ratio of refractive amblyopia amblyopia amblyopia was significantly higher than other types.The establishment of stereopsis is clearly related to eye position.