3省农村居民健康知识现状及影响因素研究

Study on current situation and influencing factors of health related knowledge among residents in rural areas of 3 provinces

目的了解农村居民健康知识现状及其影响因素,并探索提高居民健康知识的思路和方法。方法采用单纯随机抽样方法,以自行设计的自填式问卷为调查工具,对四川、甘肃、陕西3省项目村648名农村居民进行问卷调查。调查内容包括:居民基本情况、健康知识知晓情况和健康教育干预活动参与情况。结果 6道健康知识题均回答正确的居民为243人(37.5%),均回答错误者为19人(2.9%)。女性居民健康知识高得分组者是男性居民的2.161倍,参加讲座、同伴教育、获得宣传材料居民的健康知识高得分组者,分别是没有参加相应健康教育干预活动的2.720、2.147和2.159倍(P<0.01)。结论农村居民健康知识水平有待进一步提高,举办讲座、开展同伴教育、发放宣传材料是有助于居民健康知识水平提高的健康教育干预活动。

Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of knowledge related health among residents in rural areas, and provide evidence for improving residents＇ health knowledge. Methods A cross-sectional survey, which adopted with simple random sampling, was conducted among 648 residents with self-administered anonymousquestionnaires in rural areas of Sichuan, Gansu and Shaanxi provinces. The contents of questionnaires included residents＇ social-demographic characteristics, their health knowledge awareness and participation in health education interventions. Results 243 residents answered all 6 questions correctly, accounting for 37. 5% and 19 of them answered all 6 questions incorrectly, accounting for 2.9%. Female residents were 2. 161 times in health knowledge score than male residents, and residents who attended lecture and peer education, got publicity materials were respectively 2. 720, 2. 147 and 2. 159 times more in high score group than those who had not participated in relevant interventions （P 〈 0. 005 ）. Conclusion The residents＇ health knowledge awareness should be enhanced further in rural areas, and running lecture and peer education, giving out publicity materials are beneficial to the improvement of residents＇ health related knowledge awareness.