2006～2010年河北省老年人口伤害监测分析

Analysis of injuries among the elderly population in Hebei Province from 2006 to 2010

目的分析河北省城乡老年居民伤害状况和危害程度,为制定有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法对2006～2010年首次就诊于哨点医院的老年伤害病人资料进行分析。结果共收集8895例伤害病例,男性多于女性,男女性别比为1.17∶1,差异有统计学意义(χ2=945.32,P<0.01);前5位伤害原因依次是跌倒/坠落(36.82%)、机动车车祸(27.31%)、中毒(13.25%)、钝器伤(11.23%)和非机动车车祸(5.33%);中毒是农村老年女性的第一位伤害原因(31.33%);跌倒/坠落、溺水、窒息/悬吊、非机动车车祸、烧烫伤和中毒造成的后果较为严重;伤害部位以头部为主;伤害发生时间有一定规律性;自残/自杀造成的伤害病例85.93%需观察或住院或转院。结论河北省2006～2010年老年居民伤害以跌倒/坠落、机动车车祸和中毒为主;监测的老年伤害病例比例逐年上升。在老年人中应积极开展伤害预防控制工作。

Objective To understand and analyze the status of injuries and its status among the elderly of urban and rural areas in Hebei Province for providing scientific basis for effective intervention measures. Methods The data were from the first-time emergency patients from 2006 to 2010 in injury surveillance plots. Results A total of 8895 injuries were collected and analyzed. The results showed that there were more male cases. The sex ration of the male to female was 1.17 ： 1 （ x^2 = 945.32, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The leading five causes of injury were fall （ 36. 82% ） ,traffic injury by motor vehicles （27.31%）, poisoning （13.25%）, being stuck/hit by persons or objects （11.23%）, and traffic injury by non-motor vehicles （5.33%） respectively. The poisoning was the first cause for the female elderly from rural areas （31.33%）. Fall, drowning, choking or hanging, traffic injury by non-motor vehicles, thermal injury, and poisoning often resulted in severe injuries. The most common injured position was the head. The happening time of injuries was regular. 85.93% of the intentional self-harm injuries should be monitored either in hospital or transferred to another hospital. Conclusion The major injuries among the elderly in Hebei Province were fall, traffic injury by motor vehicles, and poisoning, the incidence of injuries among the elderly in all injuries kept increasing from 2006 to 2010. It implicates that the measures should be strengthened to prevent and control injuries in the elderly.