2008～2010年北京市丰台区手足口病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in Fengtai District of Beijing from 2008 to 2010

目的了解北京市丰台区手足口病流行病学特征,为制订防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学分析方法,对北京市丰台区2008～2010年手足口病流行病学资料和人口资料进行分析。结果 2008～2010年丰台区共报告手足口病14 986例,年均发病率为296.51/10万,发病率年平均增长率为45.29%;农村地区手足口病发病率为533.22/10万,城镇地区为210.98/10万,农村地区发病率显著高于城镇地区(P<0.01);发病率最高地区是农村的花乡(800.80/10万);农村地区手足口病发病率为533.22/10万,城镇地区为210.98/10万,农村地区发病率显著高于城镇地区(P<0.01);发病率较高的季节为夏秋季,发病人群聚集在1～4岁儿童,平均报告发病率为6182.14/10万,散居儿童(52.87%)构成比高于托幼儿童(41.98%),男性(356.01/10万)发病率显著高于女性(235.58/10万);EV71和CoxA16为手足口病的主要致病病原体,二者交替占据主要地位。结论北京市丰台区报告手足口病病例数呈逐年增加趋势,应加强流动人口聚居区儿童手足口病的防控工作。

Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Fengtai District of Beijing, and to provide scientific basis for effective prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was applied in terms of data from HFMD case reports and demographic data in Fengtai District from 2008 to 2010. Results There were totally 14 986 cases of HFMD in Fengtai District during 2008 - 2010, and the morbidity was 296. 51/lakh on average. The average annual growth rate of the morbidity was 45.29% ; the incidence of HFMD in rural areas was 533.22/lakh, and it was 210.98/lakh in urban areas ; the incidence in rural areas was significantly higher than in urban areas （P 〈 0. 01 ） ; the morbidity of Huaxiang in rural areas was the highest （800. 80/lakh） ; the incidence of HFMD in rural areas was 533. 22/lakh, and it was 210. 98/lakh in urban areas; the incidence in rural areas was significantly higher than in urban areas （P 〈0. 01 ） ; HFMD was reported most commonly in summer and autumn; most cases were children aged 1 -4 years, the reported morbidity was 6182. 14/lakh on average; more eases were seen in scattered children （52. 87% ） other than preschool children （41.98%）, and more male （356. 01/lakh） cases were found than female （235.58/lakh） ; Enterovirus 71 （EV71） and Coxsackie virus A16 （CoxA16） were most common pathogens, and the dominance of the two alternated. Conclusion The reported cases of HFMD were increased year by year in Fengtai District of Beijing. The prevention and control of HFMD should be strengthened for those children in floating population community.