住院肺结核患者结核病防治知识调查

Survey on awareness status of tuberculosis prevention and control among hospitalized tuberculosis patients

目的了解住院肺结核患者的结核病防治知识知晓现状,为更有效地开展住院肺结核患者健康教育提供依据。方法使用统一设计的调查问卷,对于2010年9月11～21日期间在北京市某结核病专科医院确诊后所有住院的369名结核病患者进行面对面调查,对结核病的知晓情况进行分析。结果共调查369名住院肺结核患者,结核病防治知识信息总知晓率为51.85%,对6条结核病防治信息全部知晓的患者为4.61%;文化水平为文盲的患者信息条目总知晓率最低(28.49%),大专、本科及以上最高(58.63%),不同文化程度患者知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);国家机关及事业单位工作人员信息条目总知晓率最高为63.81%,农民最低为43.02%;住院前听说过结核病的知晓率最高为78.59%;咳嗽、咳痰,或痰中带血丝,应怀疑得了肺结核的知晓率最低仅为15.45%。结论结核病患者知晓率较低,应加强政府承诺及医务人员培训,充分利用人际传播及大众传播等各种传播方式,加大宣传力度,有针对性的进行健康教育,提高知晓率。

Objective To understand the awareness status of tuberculosis （TB） prevention and control among hospitalized TB patients, provide evidence to carry out effectively TB health education. Methods With unified questionnaire, the survey was carried out face to face survey to hospitalized 369 TB patients totally in two TB special hospitals during 11 - 21 September 2010. Results A total of 369 hospitalized TB patients were surveyed. The total awareness rate of messages on TB prevention and treatment among surveyed TB patients was 51.85%, the awareness rate of knowing all six TB prevention and treatment messages was only 4. 61%; the total awareness rate of illiteracy patients was lowest （28. 49% ）, and patients with junior college degree, universities degree and upper degree whose awareness rate was the highest （58.63%） （P 〈0. 05）; patients from national and public institutions whose awareness rate the highest （63. 81% ）, and farmers was the lowest （43.02%） ; 78. 59% of 369 TB patients knew TB, and 15.45% knew that should be suspected TB if occur cough and sputum, or sputum with blood. Conclusion The awareness rate of TB patients was lower, should strengthen government＇ s commitment and training of medical staff, take full advantage of interpersonal communication and mass communication and other forms of communication, strengthen publicity, carry out health education to improve awareness.