城市交通拥堵的经济学分析和元胞自动机模拟

Economic Analysis of Urban Traffic Congestion and Cellular Automata Simulation

分析了城市道路系统的公共性和外部性。使用均衡分析的方法对城市交通拥堵进行了经济学分析,认为当城市道路的使用者超过一定数量时,道路交通的外部性凸显出来,由于这种外部性,道路交通系统总数处于过度使用的状态。最后使用元胞自动机对城市交通拥堵现象进行了模拟,发现为了改善城市交通堵塞,虽然需要增加交通供给,但是更为重要的是如何优化车流使得现有的交通供给得到充分的利用。

This paper discusses the economic characteristics of urban road traffic system, analyzes the public and external nature of the urban road system. Using the method of equilibrium analysis, the paper gives an economic analysis of urban traffic congestion and finds that the urban road traffic system shows externality when the number of road users reach a certain threshold. Because of this externality, the urban road traffic system is constantly in the state of excessive use. Finally, the article uses cellular automata to simulate the urban trMfic congestion phenomenon and finds that, to improve urban traffic congestion, necessary as it is to increase the supply of urban road traffic system, what is more important is to figure out how to optimize traffic flow to make existing supply fully utilized