2003～2009年贡山县疟疾疫情分析

Analysis of malaria prevalence in Gongshan County,2003-2009

目的了解2003～2009年贡山县疟疾流行特点,为制定疟防对策和措施提供参考依据。方法对疟疾防治报表、发热病人血检报表、传染病报告卡、疟疾现症病人个案登记卡、相关人口资料进行统计和描述分析。结果 2003～2009年贡山县共报告疟疾病例385例,年均发病率为15.74/万。385例病例中间日疟377例,恶性疟8例;男性240例,女性145例;患者年龄1～68岁;发病人群以青壮年男性农民为主,其次为农民工和学生;本地感染283例(占73.51%),输入病例102例(占26.49%)。血检发热病人18 541人次,疟原虫阳性330例,阳性率1.78%;55例系临床确诊病例。贡山县全年各月均有疟疾病例,但呈明显的季节性,7～9月为流行高峰。结论贡山县疟疾疫情呈逐年下降趋势,但总体疫情严重。输入性疟疾病例比例较高,提示应加强对来自重点疟区流动人口和本地外出回归者的疟疾管理。

Objective To ascertain the characteristics of malaria outbreaks in Gongshan County from 2003 to 2009 in order to help formulate malaria prevention strategies and measures.Methods Malaria prevention and control reports,blood test results for patients with a fever,communicable disease report forms,registration forms for patients with malaria,and relevant demographic data were analyzed statistically and descriptively.Results From 2003 to 2009,385 cases of malaria were reported in Gongshan County,resulting in an average annual incidence of 15.74/10 000.Of 385 malaria cases,377 were vivax malaria while 8 were falciparum malaria;240 involved males and 145 involved females ages 1 to 68.Incidence was highest among young male farmers,followed by migrant workers and students.Of the cases,283 were autochthonous（accounting for 73.51%） while 102 were imported（accounting for 26.49%）.Blood test results for 18 541 patients with a fever were examined,and 330 tested positive at a rate of 1.78%;55 cases were clinically confirmed.Gongshan County had cases of malaria throughout the year,but seasonality was apparent,with outbreaks peaking in July-September.Conclusion Gongshan County experienced a decline in malaria prevalence,but prevalence overall is serious.A relatively high proportion of cases involved imported malaria,indicating that malaria management should be enhanced for the migrant population in this malaria-endemic area and individuals returning to this area.