中国内地先天性室壁瘤和憩室临床特征文献的统计分析

Clinical characteristics of congenital ventricular aneurysm and diverticula in inland China

目的分析中国内地报道的先天性室壁瘤和憩室的临床特征。方法通过检索万方数据库、中国知网全文数据库及PubMed数据库，获取2001年1月至2009年12月中国内地报道的先天性室壁瘤和憩室的文献资料，并对其临床特征进行分析。结果共检索到符合要求的文献109篇，患者共116例，年龄1～80（33．5±21．3）岁，男性78例。先天性室壁瘤25例，其中包括一个家系的患者4例，男性13例；先天性憩室91例，男性65例。100例患者因体检或胸闷不适通过超声心动图检查出先天性室壁瘤和憩室。合并心内先天性缺陷34例，其中同时合并心外先天性缺陷4例。合并室性心律失常8例，血栓形成8例，心脏破裂2例，猝死4例（包括家系患者3例）。外科治疗46例，射频消融治疗3例，所有患者均未置入埋藏式心律转复除颤器。结论先天性室壁瘤和憩室是一种罕见的先天性疾病，无症状患者可通过超声心动图检查发现。患者可能出现室性心律失常、血栓栓塞、室壁瘤或憩室破裂、猝死等病情，需要积极干预。

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of congenital ventricular aneurysm and diverticula in inland China. Methods To identify the literature of congenital aneurysm and diverticula from Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI） and PubMed databases, and to analyze the clinical characteristics of congenital aneurysm and diverticula from January of 2001 to December of 2009. Results A total of 116 patients [78 men, 1 -80 （33.5 ＋ 21.3 ） years old ] with congenital aneurysm or diverticula were included in 109 articles. Twenty-five patients （13 men） were congenital ventricular aneurysm, including a family of 4 patients. Ninety-one patients （65 men ） were congenital ventricular diverticula. One hundred patients were detected by echocardiography during medical examination, 34 patients combined with other cardiac anomalies, 4 of which with extracardiac structures. There were 8 patients with ~entricular arrhythmia, g patients with thrombosis, 2 patients died of cardiac rupture, 4 patients died of sudden death, surgical operation was performed in 46 patients and 3 patients received ablation procedure. All patient did not receive implantable cardioverter defibrillator （ICD） implantation. Conclusions Congenital ventricular aneurysm or diverticulum is a rare cardiac malformation. Most congenital left ventricular aneurysms and diverticula are asymptomatic and detected by echocardiography. Congenital ventricular aneurysm or diverticulum may cause ventricular tachycardia, ventricular wall rupture, systemic embolization or sudden death, which had to be treated individually.