阻断鼻腔气流对小鼠鼻黏膜的影响

Influence of Mechanical Obstruction of Normal Nasal Airflow on Nasal Mucosa of Mouse

【目的】建立前鼻孔闭塞小鼠模型,观察阻断正常鼻腔气流对小鼠鼻黏膜结构和细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、黏蛋白MUC5AC表达的影响。【方法】选用6周龄雄性SPF级BALB/C小鼠共45只,分为实验组(35只)和空白对照组(10只),实验组均在无菌手术条件下手术闭塞小鼠左侧鼻腔,空白对照组不采取任何处理措施,分别在闭塞后1、3、5、7、14d随机取实验组7只小鼠,断头后取小鼠完整鼻部,固定脱钙脱水后冰冻切片,空白对照组小鼠在饲养14d后同样方法处理。采用HE染色观察黏膜结构,免疫荧光法检测ICAM-1、MUC5AC在小鼠鼻黏膜的表达情况。【结果】从前鼻孔闭塞3d开始,小鼠鼻黏膜出现黏膜萎缩表现,黏膜层及黏膜下层均变薄;黏膜层及黏膜下层ICAM-1和MUC5AC的表达也自闭塞3d开始出现明显降低。【结论】无菌条件下阻断正常鼻腔气流会导致鼻黏膜萎缩性改变,ICAM-1和MUC5AC的表达随着黏膜萎缩性改变而降低,这些改变会影响鼻黏膜正常的生理功能,直接影响鼻黏膜局部微环境的稳定,降低鼻黏膜的局部防御能力。

[Objective] To determine how mechanical obstruction of normal nasal airflow influence the structure of nasal mucosa and expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-1（ICAM-1） and mucoprotein-5AC（MUC5AC） in nasal mucosa of mouse by unilateral naris closure under sterile conditions in SPF laboratory.[Methods] Forty-five six-weeks old male BALB/C mouse were divided into experiment group（35 mice） and control group（10 mice）.Left side nostril was closed in mice of experiment group under sterile conditions.Mice of control group were just fed in the same SPF conditions without naris closure.Every 7 mice were sacrificed on 1,3,5,7,and 14 day after naris closure.Every whole nose was kept in 4% paraformaldehyde,then decalcification,dehydration and frozen section was performed in order.Mice of control group were dealt with the same way on 14 day.Frozen sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to display the structure of nasal mucosa.Indirect immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of ICAM-1 and MUC5AC in nasal mucosa.[Results] Atrophy at nasal mucosa was observed after 3 days of naris closure with thinner mucosa and lamina propria.Expression of ICAM-1 and MUC5AC decreased in nasal mucosa and lamina propria after 3 days of naris closure.[Conclusions] Mechanical obstruction of normal nasal airflow under sterile conditions in SPF laboratory will cause atrophy of nasal mucosa and decreased expression of ICAM-1 and MUC5AC in nasal mucosa,which may influence the normal function of nasal mucosa,make local microenvironment of nasal mucosa unstable and decrease defensive ability of mucosa.Then infection or inflammation could happen easily.