京津唐地区酿酒葡萄气候区划研究

Study on viticultural climatic zoning in Jingjintang area

【目的】对京津唐地区酿酒葡萄进行气候区划研究,为该区酿酒葡萄的种植和葡萄酒产业的发展提供指导。【方法】利用京津唐地区50个气象站点连续30年(1979-2008年)的气象资料,对目前中国主要应用的气候区划指标进行比较分析,建立适合该地区酿酒葡萄气候区划的指标体系,利用该体系对京津唐地区酿酒葡萄的生产进行气候区划,并应用ArcGIS绘制气候区划图。【结果】建立了以无霜期(FFD)为一级指标、生长季干燥度(DI,4-9月)为二级指标、埋土防寒线为三级指标、成熟期降雨量(P,7-9月)为四级指标的指标体系,将京津唐地区划分为7个栽培区域,其中1、6区为适宜产区,包括武清、宁河等地;2、4区为良好产区,包括延庆、斋堂、昌平等地;3、5和7区为一般产区,包括密云、唐山等地;全区均需注意埋土防寒以保证葡萄能安全越冬,并以此绘制出了该区酿酒葡萄生产的气候区划图。【结论】与以4-9月活动积温为一级指标、7-9月水热系数为二级指标的指标体系,以4-9月活动积温为一级指标、7-9月降雨量为二级指标的指标体系,4-9月光热指数以及4-9月纬度-温度指数等指标体系相比,所建体系更适宜作为京津唐地区的气候区划指标,且区划结果与实际更为吻合。

【Objective】 Viticulture climatic zoning in Jingjintang area was studied in order to guide the planting of grapevine and the production of wine.【Method】 With the climate data of 50 meteorological stations in Jingjintang area for 30 years（1979-2008）,by comparing and analyzing all of current internal indexes systems of grapevine climatic cultivation in China,suitable indexes system of climatic zoning there was established,the viticultural climatic zoning in this area was carried out and the viticulture maps were drawn by ArcGIS.【Result】 The suitable zoning system of Frost Free Days（FFD）as the first index,Dryness Index（DI,from April to September） as the secondary index,mean lowest temperature below-15 ℃ as the tertiary index and Precipitation of the mature（P,from July to September） as the fourth index was established.By this indexes system,it was divided into seven areas（Zone 1 and 6 were the suitable planting regions,such as Wuqing and Ninghe et al;Zone 2 and 4 were the good planting regions,including Yanqing,Zhaitang,Changping et al;Zone 3,5 and 7 were the general producing regions,such as Miyun,Tangshan et al）,and grapes trees in all the zones were noted to be buried for safe overwintering.By this system the viticulture map in Jingjingtang area was drawn.【Conclusion】 It turned out that this system was more suitable for Jingjintang area than other systems,such as the index with Sum of Active Temperature（from April to September）as first index and Hydrothermal Coefficient（from July to September） as second index,the index with Sum of Active Temperature（from April to September） as first index and Precipitation（from July to September） as second index,or index of Huglin（from April to September） and Latitude Temperature Index（from Apri lto September）,and the trees in all the regions need to be berried.The zoning results were more consistent with the practice.