“把/被”及其相关句式的依存分析

The Dependency Status of "BA/BEI" and Dependency-based Analysis of the Related Construction

"把""被"依存地位相同,均支配两个V论元,其中一个为原因V1,一个为结果V2;通常把/被字句的谓语动词不能是光杆动词形式,正在于"把""被"必须支配两个V的缘故。把字句与被字句有相同依存结构,其中"把""被"居于根结点位置,即为全句中心;通常称其为把字句、被字句,直观命名反映的是"把""被"可以控制全句的本质。把字句、被字句的形式差异及语义解读差异可通过"把/被"支配的V结点及V结点支配的N结点的差异得到一定解释,这些差异包括V的价类选择,及V和N结点的隐现等。本文还从依存结构上分析了新兴被字句的共性与个性,并预测了新兴把字句的情况。

BA（把） and BEI（被）have the same dependency status in structure, which can dominate a causal Verb and a result Verb. The predicates in the BA-construction and BEI-construction usually cannot be bare forms, which indicates that the BA and BEI must dominate two verbs. In BA-construetion and BEI-construetion, BA and BEI may be the head, which is reflected by their names, ＂BA sentence＂ and ＂BEI sentence＂. Different forms and different readings of the variety of the BA-construction and BEI-construction can be explained through the specific node of the dependency structure, such as the valence of the V nodes and occurring or omission of the V nodes and N nodes. The paper analyzes the commonality and individuality of new BEI-construction in terms of the dependency structure, and predicts the possibility of the new BA-construction.