丑诋与厚诬:高拱“报复”问题辨析——以王世贞《嘉靖以来首辅传·高拱传》为中心

Gao Gong "Retaliation" Question Discrimination——Since by Wang Shizhen "Jiajing auxiliary biography Gao Gong Biography" is a center

明代嘉、隆时期政治家和改革家高拱的"报复"问题,可谓由来已久。追根溯源,这一问题盖出自王世贞《嘉靖以来首辅传》之《高拱传》。该传作为高拱逝世后最早的一篇传记,多半篇幅叙述他倾轧同僚,报复朝官,排斥异己,贪赃纳贿等,从而使高拱背负"报复"恶名,并对其后史家修撰的多篇《高拱传》及其现今史学界也产生了严重负面影响。澄清这一问题,对如实评价高拱的政治品格和道德操守具有重要意义。

The Ming Dynasty statesman and the reformer Gao Gong ＂the retaliation＂ the question,as if has become the conclusion in the history educational world,however this does not tally with the historical fact.Gets to the bottom,since this question has stemmed from Wang Shizhen most early ＂Jiajing an Auxiliary Biography＂＂Gao Gong Biography＂.Not only,therefore should the biography cause Gao Gong to shoulder repairs resentful,nurses a grudge ＂the retaliation＂ the evil reputation,moreover many which composes to the Ming and Qing Dynasties historian ＂Gao Gong Biography＂ and the nowadays history educational world has had the serious negative influence.Discriminates this question,is helpful in makes to Gao Gong political moral character and the moral personal integrity conforms to the historical evidence appraisal.