雾化吸入西咪替丁防治造血干细胞移植患者口腔黏膜炎的效果

Effect of cimetidine aerosol inhalation on preventing and treating oral mucositis in patients receiving hematopoiefic stem cell transplantation

目的探讨西咪替丁氧气雾化吸人防治造血干细胞移植患者口腔黏膜炎的效果。方法将造血干细胞移植的患者120例，随机分为未雾化吸入组（A组，40例）、雾化吸入盐水组（B组，40例）和雾化吸入西咪替丁组（C组，40例），观察各组口腔黏膜炎的防治效果。结果雾化吸人西咪替丁组口腔黏膜炎的发生率40．0％，低于未雾化吸入组67．5％和雾化吸入盐水组50．0％，差异有统计学意义（x^2=6．216，P〈0．05），口腔黏膜炎Ⅱ～Ⅳ级发生率三组比较差异有统计学意义（x^2=6．278，P〈0．05）；首发黏膜炎时间和持续时间三组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05），雾化吸入西咪替丁组首发黏膜炎时间晚，持续时间短。结论采用西咪替丁氧气雾化吸入的方式能有效的防治移植过程中口腔黏膜炎的发生，使口腔黏膜炎的发生率显著下降，减轻了患者痛苦，提高移植成功率。

Objective To study the effect of cimetidine aerosol inhalation on preventing and treating oral mucositis （OM） in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation （HSCT）. Methods 120 patients receiving HSCT were divided into three groups. The patients in group A （ n = 40） did not receive aerosol inhalation, the patients in group B （n = 40） were treated by normal sodium aerosol inhalation, and the patients in group C （n = 40） were treated by cimetidine aerosol inhalation. The preventive and curative effects between the three groups were observed and compared. Results The incidence rate of OM in group C was 40.0%, was less than no aerosol inhalation group （67. 5% ） and normal sodium aerosol inhalation group （50.0%）, the difference was statistically significant（x^2 =6. 216,P 〈0. 05）. The Ⅱ～Ⅳ degree of OM in three groups were statistically significant（x^2 = 6. 278, P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the occurrence of OM and the duration were statistically different （P 〈 0.05 ）. The occurrence of OM was delay and the duration was shortened in cimetidine aerosol inhalation （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions Cimetidine atomizing inhalation is effective on OM in HSCT recipients, the incidence rate of OM decreased significantly, which could reduce the patients＇ suffering and increase the achievement ratio of HSCT.