健身运动处方改善围绝经期妇女心肺功能、肌肉力量与腰背部疼痛的效果评价

Effects of exercise prescription on cardiopulmonary function,muscle strength,back pain of women in perimenopausal period

目的：观察健身运动处方改善围绝经期妇女心肺机能、肌肉力量与腰背疼痛的效果,为围绝经妇女科学健身提供依据。方法：以围绝经期妇女（40~60岁）为研究对象,遵循个人意愿,将受试者分为运动组和对照组。运动组按照健身运动处方进行有指导的运动,对照组未进行有规律的运动。分别在0、3和6个月测量心肺机能、肌肉力量及腰背部疼痛等指标。结果：3和6个月随访中,与基线值比较,运动处方组心肺机能提高,台阶实验评分增加（P〈0.01）,而对照组无明显改变（P〉0.05）。健身运动3和6个月后,与基线值比较,运动组下肢、腰背部、前臂肌肉最大力量明显增加（P〈0.05）,而对照组无改变（P〉0.05）。6个月后和运动组背部疼痛评分明显改善,而对照组稍有加重,改善指数分别为（-85.05%±77.17%）和（0.26%±26.38%）（P〈0.01）。结论：健身运动处方可以增强围绝经期妇女心肺机能和肌肉力量,对腰背部疼痛有较好的改善作用。

Objective To investigate the effects of exercise prescription on the cardiopulmonary function,muscle strength,back pain of women in perimenopausal period and provide basis for scientific exercise of women in perimenopausal period.Methods In the exercise intervention study,women in postmenopausal period（aged 40-60） were divided into exercise group and control group.The indexes of and cardiovascular performance and muscle strength and back pain were detected at the 3rd and 6th month.The women in exercise group did exercise under the guidance of exercise prescription and the women in control group didn＇t do regular exercises.Results The women in exercise group had a significantly greater increase in cardiopulmonary performance after 6-month intervention.The seores of step test were improved significantly during follow-up period in exercise group（P0.01）,while there was no significant change in control group（P 0.05）.The women in exercise group had a substantial improvement in muscular strength of lower limbs,lower back,and forearm（P0.01）.After 6-month intervention,the low back pain was improved significantly in exercise group,while worsened in control group [（-85.05±77.17）% vs（0.26±26.38）%,P0.01].Conclusion Exercise prescription can improve the muscle strength,cardiovascular function and ease low back pain of women in perimenopausal period.