集体劳资争议的刑事责任研究——以日本《劳动组合法》第1条第2款为中心

Study on the Criminal Liability for Collective Labor Dispute:Article 1,Section 2 of Japan Labor Union Act

日趋增多的罢工、怠工等集体劳资争议给刑法学带来了新课题,引发学界对刑法是否及如何介入集体劳资争议的慎思。日本《劳动组合法》第1条第2款对集体劳资争议在区分正当与不正当的基础上分别规定了不同的刑事责任模式,堪称全球劳动刑法的典范。这对中国劳动刑法具有重要的借鉴意义:刑法应该积极介入集体劳资争议,并把正当的集体劳资争议视为刑法中的违法阻却事由,而以刑法中的普通犯罪追究不正当的集体劳资争议的刑事责任。

The increasing strike,sabotage and other collective labor dispute has brought a new problem to the criminal law,and has caused careful reflection about whether and how criminal law to intervene in collective labor dispute.Article 1,section 2 of Japan Labor Union Act has set different provisions of criminal responsibilities for the collective labor dispute in the distinctions between legitimate and illegitimate separately,which can be called the global model among labor criminal law.It has important significance for China labor criminal law,criminal law should intervene in collective labor dispute positively,the legitimate collective labor dispute should be regarded as the reason to hinder the illegality of criminal law,and the criminal responsibilities of illegitimate collective labor dispute should be investigated by the common crime of criminal law.