枣粮(棉)间作系统枣树根系空间分布特征

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Root System of Jujube Trees in Jujube-Wheat Intercropping System

采用分层挖掘法对新疆阿克苏市枣粮(棉)间作系统枣树根系的空间分布特征进行研究,为该地区枣粮(棉)间作系统中枣树根系吸水模型的建立、水分生态特征的分析、施肥区域的确定等提供基础资料。研究结果表明:在垂直方向上,枣麦间作系统中枣树根系集中分布在0～80 cm土层中,占根系生物量的82.55%,占总根长密度的74.87%,而枣棉间作系统中枣树根系集中分布在0～90 cm土层中,占根系生物量的82.66%,占总根长密度的66.75%;在水平方向上,枣麦间作系统中枣树根系生物量均主要集中在距枣树0～100 cm的区域内,占根系生物量的82.10%,占总根长密度的56.99%,而枣棉间作系统中枣树根系生物量均主要集中在距枣树0～150cm的区域内,占根系生物量的81.46%,占总根长密度的83.80%;不同径级根系根长密度的分布规律与总根长密度基本一致,其中,0<根径(D)≤1 mm根系主要集中分布在垂直方向0～80 cm土层、水平方向0～150 cm的区域内,并且随土层深度的增加以及距树体距离(水平方向)的增加而减少;并建立了总根长密度、总根系生物量与距树体水平距离和土层深度的相互关系。

A study was conducted to discuss the spatial distribution of root system of jujube trees in jujube-crop intereropping system in Aksu by the layered digging method, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of root water uptake model for jujube trees, the analysis of ecological characteristics of water, and the determination of application area. Results showed that, in the vertical direction, in the jujube-wheat intereropping system, the jujube roots distributed in the 0-80 cm soil layer, accounting for 82.55% of root biomass and 74.87% of root length density, while in the jujube-cotton intercropping system, the jujube roots distributed in the 0-90 em soil layer, accounting for 82.66% of root biomass and 66.75% of root length density; in the horizontal direction, in the jujube-wheat intererepping system, the jujube roots distributed in 0-100 em away from the jujube tree, accounting for 82.10% of root biomass and 56.99% of root length density, while in the jujube-cotton intereropping system, the jujube roots distributed in 0-150 em away from the jujube tree, ac- counting for 81.46% of root biomass and 83.80% of root length density. The distribution regularity of root length density of different root diameter classes and total root length density was consistent. Roots of 0- to 1.0-mm root diameter class mainly distributed in the 0-80 cm soil layer and 0-150 cm away from the jujube tree, and the root length density decreased with increasing soil depth and distance from the tree （horizontal direction）. Regression equations explaining the relationships between total root length density or total root biomass and the horizontal distance from the tree and soil depth were established.