拟除虫菊酯在底泥中的归趋及其生物效应

Research on the Fate and Biological Effects of Pyrethroids in Sediment

拟除虫菊酯是一类高疏水性仿生杀虫剂,进入环境中易被颗粒物或油滴吸附,最终聚积在底泥沉积物中;同时它可以随水流或胶体等途径发生迁移,已被研究证实在使用及未使用拟除虫菊酯地区的河流、湖泊底泥中均检测到其残留。本文介绍了底泥中拟除虫菊酯的来源、归趋、生物效应,重点分析了拟除虫菊酯的吸附/解吸、降解作用及湿地生态系统对其归趋的影响;讨论了拟除虫菊酯的水生生物毒性、生物富集作用等生物效应,评述了其疏水性及生物可利用性对其毒性的影响,可为拟除虫菊酯水生生态系统风险评价等研究提供重要参考信息。

Pyrethroids are a kind of biomimetic insecticides with high hydrophobicity. When they are applied in the environment, they will be easily adsorbed by particulate matters or oil droplets, and finally accumulated to sediment. They have been, unfortunately, detected in sediment in areas where pyrethroids have been used or not. This paper introduced the sources, fate and biological effects of pyrethroids. It also provided a key review concerning the impact of pyrethroids＇ adsorption/desorption, degradation and wetland ecosystems on their fate. At the same time, it introduced pyrethroids＇ aquatic toxicity, bioaccumulation and other biological effects; and it also commented on the effects of the biological availability of pyrethroids＇ toxicity. The paper can provide useful reference in aquatic ecological risk assessment.