沪上外来流动穆斯林群体的精神生活——关于上海周边区县伊斯兰教临时礼拜点的考察与反思

The Spiritual Life of Migrant Muslim Communities in Shanghai-An Investigation & Reflection on Temporary Islamic Worship Places around Shanghai

目前沪上临时礼拜点所具有的共同特征,表明了流动穆斯林群体构成的民族性和职业的相对单一性;而相关设施的简陋和局促,暴露出相应的弊端和隐患。至于缺乏政府认可的特点,又随时令这些临时礼拜点面临遭到取缔的可能性。近年来上海市伊斯兰教发展的轨迹和变化主要有重心转移、反客为主、外宾渐增、社群之别、遍地开花等情况。而由西北各省来沪的流动穆斯林融入都市主流社会后,在文化适应、城市管理、子女教育、宗教信仰、社会维稳等层面上的隐患有待消弭。了解都市伊斯兰教文化在嬗变过程中衍生的社会现象,以及探索在管理实践中妥善地处理好问题,能更好地促进当前经济社会的发展及维护社会的稳定。

At present,the common characteristics shown by the temporary Islamic worship places in Shanghai indicate the ethnic character of the people who constitute these non-permanent Muslim communities as well as the relative homogeneity of purpose of such places.These temporary worship places are shabby and cramped,with corresponding dangers.Recently,the development and change of Islam in Shanghai can be characterized as such：transformation of the nucleus of Shanghai Islam;increase in number of migrant Muslims settling all around the city;evolving roles in managing religious affairs between local immigrant Muslims;distinctions to be made among different communities.Specifically,migrant Muslims coming from the Northwest of China and settling into the metropolis confront many challenges,such as cultural adaptation,children＇s education,religious practice,and so on.To know more about the social phenomenon deriving from the urban Islamic culture＇s mutation,and to explore how to properly handle problems met in government practices will help one promote economic development and to maintain social stability.