试论转喻的指示功能

Towards the Indexical Function of Metonymy

对转喻的研究涉及转喻和隐喻的辨证关系、与转喻有关的认知域、概念映射的特征、转喻操作的认知层次等方面。然而转喻覆盖的认知域之间的界限并非泾渭分明，转喻的认知操作层面并非像想象中的那么简明和单一。本文认为从符号学的角度对转喻的生成和理解过程进行分析，佐以对认知语境的正确感悟，可以在其他人的研究基础上，进一步认识转喻和隐喻在不同认知层面上的运行状况以及转喻在指示认知平面上的语义和语用功能。

Metonymy should be analyzed from the perspectives of dialectical relationships between metonymy and metaphor, adumbrations of metonymic cognitive domains, context-driven conceptual mappings ,multi-cognitive levels of metonymic operations, etc. However, the demarcation line between metonymy related cog-domains is not always as clear-cut as usually expected and the cog-levels for metonymic operations are more complicated than previously conceived. A semiotic approach plus some proper understanding of cog-context would help to differentiate metonymy and metaphor at different cog-levels with a clearer depiction of some semantic and pragmatic functions of metonymy at the indexical level.