铁氧化物铜-金矿床与斑岩铜矿的构造控制及岩浆作用

Control of structure and magma for Iron Oxide-copper-gold and porphyry Copper-gold deposits

铁氧化物2铜2金(IOCG)矿床与斑岩铜矿,因规模大、经济价值高而成为重要勘查目标。智利洋壳俯冲边缘汇聚了世界超大型斑岩铜矿和IOCG矿床,构造岩浆演化形成明显磁铁矿2磷灰石、IOCG、斑岩铜金、斑岩铜钼的成矿演化序列分带,大量钙碱性岩浆活动及同时代火成岩是重要成矿基础。岩浆侵位和流体演化是形成IOCG及斑岩型矿床的主要机制,IOCG矿床浅部角砾岩筒具有斑岩矿化蚀变特征,与富金斑岩型铜矿有更加相似的特征及过渡性,在勘查中要重视构造、岩相和蚀变研究。

Iron oxide-copper-gold（IOCG） and porphyry copper deposits are all important exploration target due to their large-scale,high economic value.They are together generated in Chile subduction-related continental margin,including the world＇s large copper porphyry deposits,and have a sharp mineralization sequence in space-time from magnetite-apatite,IOCG,porphyry copper-gold to porphyry copper molybdenum deposits with tectonic-magmatic evolution.Large number of calc-alkaline magmatism and contemporary igneous rocks are an important foundation for formtion of mineralization.Shallow breccia pipes of IOCG deposits share with the alteration features of porphyry copper deposits.Gold-rich porphyry copper deposit have some similar characteristics and more transitional relation to porphyry deposits due to the key factors of evolution of magma intrusion and fluid.It is necessary to pay more attention to structure and alteration of rocks during the exploration.