铁皮石斛中基本氨基酸含量变异规律

Study on basic amino acid contents in Dendrobium officinale

目的:了解铁皮石斛种质、生理年龄对氨基酸含量的影响,为铁皮石斛药材质量评价与优质药材培育提供依据。方法:采集浙江人工栽培骨干基地一至三年生铁皮石斛11个种质33个样品,经盐酸水解后采用氨基酸分析仪测定基本氨基酸含量。结果:铁皮石斛中7种人体必需氨基酸的平均质量分数为0.28～2.96 mg.g-1,其他9种基本氨基酸的平均质量分数为0.53～4.20 mg.g-1;种质对多种氨基酸的积累存在极显著或显著影响,生理年龄对氨基酸的积累也有显著影响,氨基酸含量随着生理年龄增加而增加。结论:铁皮石斛含有丰富的氨基酸,通过品种选育、延长采收期可以增加人体必需氨基酸和其他基本氨基酸的含量。

Objective： To investigate the contents of 16 basic amino acid and find out the variation of them in Dendrobium offi- cinale with different germplasms and physiological ages, and then provide scientific basis for the quality evaluation and the breeding of D. officinale. Method ： Thirty-three samples with 1-3 ages were collected from cultivated fields of Zhejiang. The samples were acid hydrolyzed, and then 16 basic amino acid contents of samples were deternfined by amino acid analyzer. Result： The average contents of 7 necessary amino acid were in 0. 28-2.96 mg·g-1 , the average contents of other 9 basic amino acid were in 0. 53-4.20 mg·g-1 The contents of many amino acids were impacted by germplasms significantly, and contents of several amino acids were impacted by physiological ages significantly. Conclusion： There were rich basic amino acids in D. officinale. The breeding of D. officinale can increase the contents of essential amino acids and other basic amino acids. The relations among physiological age and amino acid contents were as follows ： three years 〉 two years 〉 one year. The contents of Asp and Tyr have significantly negative correlation with magnesium, the content of Pro has significantly positive correlation with copper.