缺血性脑血管病患者脑动脉狭窄特点及相关危险因素分析

Characteristics of Cerebral Artery Atherosclerotic Stenosis of Patients with Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease and the Related Risk Factors Analysis

目的:分析脑动脉狭窄的分布特点,探讨相关危险因素对脑动脉狭窄的影响。方法:对98例缺血性脑血管病患者行主动脉弓及全脑血管造影,回顾性分析脑动脉狭窄特点及相关危险因素的影响。结果:98例患者中,70例存在脑动脉狭窄或闭塞,颅外段者20例(28.5%),颅内段者32例(45.7%),颅内、颅外均受累者18例(25.7%),颅内病变最多见于大脑中动脉,颅外病变多见于颈总动脉分叉处和颈内动脉开口处。前循环狭窄或闭塞34例(48.5%),后循环狭窄或闭塞13例(18.5%),前后循环皆有狭窄或闭塞者23例(32.8%)。高龄、原发性高血压病、糖尿病、高脂血症与脑动脉狭窄显著相关。结论:颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄发生率高于颅外,前循环高于后循环;高龄、原发性高血压病、糖尿病、高脂血症是颅内外动脉粥样硬化性狭窄的高危因素。

Objective： To investigate the distribution pattern of cerebral artery atherosclerotic stenosis among patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease,and to analyze the related risk factors.Methods： 98 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease were performed with DSA.The distribution pattern of cerebral artery atherosclerotic stenosis and the related risk factors were retrospectively analyzed.Results： Among 98 patients,70 had cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion,20 cases showed extracranial stenosis;32 intracranial stenosis,and 18 both extracranial and intracranial stenosis.Intracranial stenosis commonly affected the middle cerebral artery whereas entracranial srenosis or occlusion usually occurred in the common carotid artery bifurcates and internal carotid artery opening.In this study,34 cases showed anterior circulation insufficiency,13 the posterior circulation,and 23 the anterior-posterior circulation insufficiency.Old age,hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia were associated with cerebral artery stenosis.Conclusion： In general,the incidence of extracranial atherosclerotic steno-occlusive lesions is higher than that of the intracranial arteries.The anterior circulation atherosclerotic steno-occlusive lesions are more frequent than those of the posterior circulation.Old age,hypertension,diabetes,and hyperlipidemia are the risk factors for intra-extracranial atherosclerotic steno-occlusive lesions