基于单片机和FPGA的数字示波器的设计

Design of digital oscilloscope based on microcontroller and FPGA

随着电子技术的发展,对电路测量的要求越来越高。提出了一种基于数字示波器原理,以单片机和FPGA为控制核心的数字示波器实现方法。系统由信号调理、程控放大、比较整形和时钟产生、采样控制、测频模块和校准信号产生等模块组成。可测频率范围10Hz到10MHz,幅度范围2mV到20V,垂直灵敏度共11档,扫描速度共21档。实时采样<1MSa/s,等效采样>20 MSa/s,采用内触发方式,触发电平可调,且能提供频率为100 kHz的方波校准信号。实践表明,整个系统工作稳定,人机界面友好,操作简单。

With the development of electronic technology, the circuit measurements have become increasingly demanding. A method to realize digital oscilloscope is proposed,which based on the theory of digital oscilloscope,using the microcontroller and FPGA core as the control core.System consists of signal conditioning, programmable amplification, compare and shaping, clock generation, sampling control, frequency measurement and calibration signal generator module. Measurable frequency ranges from 10Hz to 10MHz, the amplitude ranges from 2mV to 20V, has 11 kinds of vertical sensitivity,21 kinds of scanning speed. Real-time sampling 〈lMSa/s, equivalent sampling〉 20MSa/s, using of inner trigger, the trigger level is adjustable, and can provide a frequency of 100KHz square wave calibration signal. Practice shows that the entire system is stable ,has friendly interface and simple operation.