我国多参数激电测深找水应用综述

Summarization on application of multi-parameter direct current induced polarization sounding method to exploration groundwater in China

近40年来,地球物理技术在我国的地下水勘查中得到了比较多的应用,IP、TEM、EH4、CSAMT、SNMR等物探找水方法不断涌现.本文在介绍激电找水原理和技术方法的基础上,通过3个不同类型地下水勘查的成功实例,表明多参数直流激电测深这一传统的地球物理勘查方法在地下水勘查中仍具有独特的优势.提出了含水层的激电异常特征、含水层埋深与极距的关系、涌水量的估算方法以及野外工作注意事项.强调野外资料采集的真实、可靠及确定激电异常背景值的重要性;异常解释应建立一个尽可能合理的地质-地球物理找水模型.建议在地下水勘查过程中根据实际情况结合其它物探方法以提高工作效率,减轻工作强度.同时指出,高密度激电测深是该技术的发展方向.

In the last four decades, geophysical techniques have been applied to groundwater exploration in China. New geophysical techniques to groundwater investigation have emerged, such as IP,TEM,EH4,CASMT, SNMR, etc.. This paper introduces principles and technical methods to groundwater prospecting by using induced polarization sounding method. Three types of groundwater are found successfully by using the multi-parameter direct current IP sounding method in Zhejiang province. This testifies that traditional geophysical method has unique advantages than other geophysical method in groundwater exploration. Aquifer characteristics of induced polarization anomalies,the relationship between aquifer depth and the polar distance,the relationship between water inflow and half-decay time, and notes in field work are proposed. The importance of the real, reliable field data collection and the IP anomalies background value determination are Emphasized. Exception should be interpreted based on a reasonable geological geophysical model of groundwater prospecting. To improve efficiency and reduce the intensity of work during groundwater exploration, combined with other geophysical methods according to the actual situation is proposed. Finally, this paper points out that high-density IP sounding should become the direction of the technology.