按摩增强琥珀酸脱氢酶和钾-钠ATP酶活性促进兔股四头肌的损伤修复

Massage promotes repairing of injured quadriceps femoris muscle of rabbit through enhancing activity of SDH and K^+-Na^+-ATPase

目的研究按摩对骨骼肌损伤修复关键酶琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、钾-钠ATP酶(K+-Na+-ATPase)活性的影响。方法将30只雄性新西兰大白兔分为健康对照组(3只)、自然恢复组(15只)和按摩组(12只)。根据损伤造模后观察时间的不同,自然恢复组分为3个时相点,即自然恢复7 d组(3只)、按摩7 d对照组(自然恢复14 d,6只)和按摩14 d对照组(自然恢复21 d,6只),按摩组分为按摩7、14 d组(各6只)。重物打击法制作兔股四头肌急性损伤模型。HE、超声影像技术检测组织病理变化,酶组化法检测SDH酶、K+-Na+-ATPase活性。结果组织病理检测显示按摩对照组受损肌组织肿胀、萎缩退变,按摩治疗后修复或新生肌纤维明显增多。超声影像研究显示按摩对照组受损肌纤维纹理消失、回波呈弥漫性非均匀增强,按摩组回波呈弥漫均一性增强、边缘清晰。SDH和K+-Na+-ATPase活性研究结果进一步显示:按摩7 d组(0.003 3±0.000 2)vs(0.002 2±0.000 2)和14 d组(0.003 9±0.000 2)vs(0.003 2±0.000 1)较对应的按摩对照组SDH活性明显增加(P<0.01),SDH深染的Ⅰ型肌纤维数量百分比高于对应的按摩对照组[7 d组:(38.6±2.6)%vs(25.1±1.7)%,P<0.01;14 d组:(56.2±4.5)%vs(30.3±2.1)%,P<0.01];ATPase活性分别在按摩7 d组和14 d组比对应的按摩对照组升高约47%和72%(P<0.01)。结论按摩可能通过提高受损肌组织有氧代谢相关酶类活性,促进受损肌组织的修复。

Objective To investigate the role and its mechanism of massage on the recovery of damaged skeletal muscle.Methods A total of 24 adult male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups,normal control（n=3）,self-repairing group（n=15,further divided into 7,14 and 21 d time points）,and massage group（n=12,further divided into 7 and 14 d time points）.The quadriceps femoris injured models were established by hammering the muscle with self-made lead hitter.Massage was given from the 8 d after the model establishment with the aid of a massager at 3 000 to 3 100 r/min,for 15 min once per day for 7 or 14 d.In the end of experiment,the animals were killed and muscle samples of 1.5 cm×1.0 cm×0.5 cm were removed from quadriceps femoris.HE staining was used to detect the pathologic change.Nachlas dyeing or Wachstein-Meisel was used to detect the activity of succinate dehydrogenase（SDH） or K＋-Na＋-ATPase of quadriceps femoris tissue from massage therapeutic and unmassaged rabbits.Results Obvious broken muscular fibers,muscle atrophy,and tortuosity of muscle fibers were observed in self-repairing tissue.The non-homogenous and diffusive echoes were detected in the unmassaged quadriceps femoris with disappearing muscular texture.And the homogenous and weak diffusive echoes were tested in the massaged recovery quadriceps femoris.Comparing with its controls,the activity of SDH was increased in massaged 7 d rabbits（0.0033±0.0002 vs 0.0022±0.0002,P0.01） and massaged 14 d rabbits（0.0039±0.0002 vs 0.0032±0.0001,P0.01）.More I-type muscular fibers were found in the massaged rabbits than in the control rabbits [7 d group：（38.6±2.6）% vs（25.1±1.7）%,P0.01;14 d group：（56.2±4.5）% vs（30.3±2.1）%,P0.01].The activity of K＋-Na＋-ATPase was also increased by 47%（P0.01） and 72%（P0.01） respectively in massaged 7 d and 14 d rabbits when compared with corresponding self-repairing groups.Conclusion Massage promotes the recovery of injured muscle through stimulating activity of SDH and K＋-Na＋-ATPase.