基因聚合改良杂交稻组合的稻飞虱田间抗性表现

Resistance of pyramided rice hybrids to brown planthoppers

褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens(Stl)是杂交水稻的重要虫害,培育高抗褐飞虱的杂交水稻新组合被认为是目前防治飞虱最有效、经济的方法。本研究以分子标记辅助选择培育的抗褐飞虱杂交水稻为材料,通过苗期和成株期的全生育期田间抗性鉴定,对基因聚合改良杂交稻组合的褐飞虱抗性进行综合评价,结果表明,基因聚合改良杂交稻组合的苗期抗性介于抗和中抗水平,田间虫量在7次调查中均低于800头/百丛,远低于2000头/百丛的防治标准,而对照扬两优6号、两优培九和当地农家品种两优63在8月29日到9月10日飞虱发生高峰期的百丛虫量分别最高达到5400头、2030头和10700头,高于或远高于2000头/百丛的防治标准。改良组合川香29A/华恢1462的产量在通城比对照扬两优6号增产11.8%。上述结果表明抗褐飞虱改良杂交稻新组合能够有效抑制稻田褐飞虱种群数量,节约人工和农药成本,增加水稻产量。

Planthoppers,especially the brown planthopper（BPH）,are major pests of hybrid rice crops.Developing hybrid rice strains with high BPH resistance has been the most efficient and economic method of controlling BPH outbreaks.In this study,Bph14 and Bph15 genes were pyramided in hybrid rice using molecular marker-assisted selection（MAS）,after which the BPH resistance of both seedling and adult rice plants was assessed in both the greenhouse and field situation.The results show that improved hybrid seedlings had at least moderate resistance to BPH in the seedling stage with 800 BPH per 100 plants,much less than the 2 000 BPH per 100 plants observed in susceptible hybrid seedlings with BPH control.In the absence of BPH control,some susceptible strains,including Yangliangyou 6,Liangyoupeijiu and the local combination Liangyou 63,had infestations of 5 400,2 030 and 10 700 BPH per 100 plants,respectively.The yield of the pyramided hybrid Chuanxiang 29A/Huahui 1462 was 11.8% more than that of Yangliangyou 6 in Tongcheng County.These results suggest that planting resistant pyramided hybrids around conventional susceptible hybrids could effectively decrease the population of BPH,thereby preventing BPH outbreaks,reduce the cost of labor and pesticides and increase rice production.