自然霉变玉米对肉鸭生产性能及免疫功能的影响

Effects of Natural Moldy Corn on the Growth Performance,Anti-Oxidative Function and Immune Function in Ducks

本试验旨在研究含黄曲霉毒素B1为主的自然霉变玉米对肉鸭生产性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响。试验设3个处理,霉变玉米替代比例为0、50%和100%,每个处理8个重复,每个重复16只肉鸭,试验期5周。结果表明:随霉变玉米用量增加,肉鸭1～35 d的日采食量和日增重、15～35 d的饲料增重比呈极显著线性降低(P<0.01),死亡率呈极显著线性增加(P<0.01);14 d和35 d血清超氧化物歧化酶活性极显著降低(P<0.01),14 d血清丙二醛含量极显著升高(P<0.01);14 d和35 d脾脏指数极显著增加(P<0.01)、法氏囊指数显著增加(P<0.05);14 d和35 d血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白(35 d除外)含量显著下降(P<0.01)。结果显示,自然霉变玉米抑制肉鸭采食量和生长,增加死亡率,但提高饲料转化率;并导致肉鸭出现氧化应激,免疫功能受损。

This study was conducted to determine the effects of the natural moldy corn with ailatoxin B1 （AFB1） as the main mycotoxin on the performance, anti-oxidative function and immune function of ducks. A single factoral design was used with three levels of natural moldy corn （0, 50%, 100%） to substitute the normal corn. Three hundred and eighty-four ducks were randomly allotted by body weight into 3 treatments with 8 replicates of 16 ducks （8 males and 8 females）. The trial lasted for 5 weeks. Results showed that with the increase of moldy maize, average daily feed intake, Average daily gain at 1-35 d, and Feed/gain at 15-35 d was significantly linearly decreased （P〈0.01）, and mortality significantly linearly increased （P〈0.01）. The activities of serum superoxide dismutase at 14 d, 35d and Catalaseof liver at 14 d was significantly decreased （P〈0.01）, while the content of serum Malondialdehydeat 14 d was increased significantly. The relative weight of spleen at 14 d, 35 d, bursa of Fabricius at 14 d, liver at 35 d was significantly increased. The serum Total protein, albumin, globulin （except 35 d）, and A/G at 14 d and 35 d was significantly decreased （P〈0.01）. The specific antibody titer to bird flu H5N1 tended to decrease. In conclusion, the naturally moldy corn decreased the feed intake, body weight, and F/G, while increased the mortality of ducks with oxidative stress and immune function damaged.