豫北地区夏玉米适宜种植密度研究

Research on the Optimal Density of Summer Maize in North of Henan

以18个耐密性玉米品种为试验材料,设置60 000、75 000株/hm2 2个种植密度,以研究当前豫北地区夏玉米适宜的种植密度。结果表明,2008-2010年,豫北地区大部分主推玉米品种表现为60 000株/hm2种植密度的玉米产量普遍高于75 000株/hm2的产量,平均增产4.6%。75 000株/hm2种植密度的玉米株高、穗位升高,茎秆变细,倒伏、倒折率增加,综合抗逆性明显降低。由此认为,豫北地区夏玉米种植的适宜密度在60 000株/hm2左右,不宜超过75 000株/hm2。

With 18 maize varieties of density tolerance as tested materials,the experiment with two densities of 60000 and 75000 plants/ha was designed to study the optimal density in north of Henan. The result showed that the yield of most maize varieties with 60 000 plants/ha was higher than that of 75000 plants/ha from 2008 to 2010. The height of maize plants and ears rose with 75000 plants/ha,meanwhile their stems become thinner and the lodging rate and breaking rate increased. The general resistance of maize with 75 000 plants/ha decreased obviously. Based on the results,the optimal density of maize in north of Henan was approximately 60 000 plants/ha but not over than 75000 plants/ha. Key words： Maize; Yield; Density; Resistance