延津、原阳两县砂质土壤养分特征研究

Characteristics of Sandy Soil Nutrition in Yanjin and Yuanyang Counties

为实施科学施肥与土壤培肥,采用田间调查采样、室内测定和统计分析的方法,研究了延津县和原阳县黄河泛滥区沉积物发育的砂质土壤的养分特征。结果表明:延津和原阳两县土壤有机质和N素营养水平普遍偏低,其有机质平均含量分别为7.88g/kg与10.57g/kg,土壤全N平均含量分别为0.90g/kg和1.08g/kg。土壤速效P与速效K有一定程度的缺乏和过量现象。66%～77%的土壤缺乏有效S。土壤有效Fe、Cu含量较高。有效Mn、Mo含量较低,有大面积的低Mo和极缺Mo土壤,绝大多数土壤缺B。根据上述结果,建议延津、原阳两县砂质土壤坚持测土配方施肥和重视秸秆还田,花生专用肥N∶P2O5∶K2O配比宜采用12∶15∶13的比例,同时适量增加中、微量元素S、B、Mn的投入,在花生、大豆生产上重视钼肥的施用。

In order to implement scientific fertilization and improve soil fertility, the nutrient characteristics of sandy soil developed from Yellow River flood sediment were studied with field sampling, laboratory measurement and statistical analysis. The results showed that the average content of soil organic matter was 7.88g/kg and 10.57g/kg,and total nitrogen was 0.90g/kg and 1.08 g/kg in Yanjin and Yuanyang counties. The available P and K in soil were either deficient or excess to a certain degree. There was 66%--70% soil lack of avalilable S. The contents of avalil- able Fe and Cu were high. The contents of avalilable Mn and Mo were low,and a large area of soil was deficient of Mo. Most of the soil samples were short of B. Insistence on fertilization by soil testing and emphasis on straw returning to field could increase the yield and improve the quality of peanut, thereby achieving sustainable development of agricultural production.