水稻株高突变体的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Plant Height Mutants in Rice

以伽马射线诱变籼稻品种"93-11"获得的5个长穗颈突变体"eR-1～eR-5"为材料,与野生型对比研究表明,5个长穗颈突变体植株、倒Ⅰ节间和倒Ⅱ节间分别显著增高和变长,穗长显著变长,突变体"eR-4"和"eR-5"分蘖能力显著提高,每穗粒数和结实率变化不显著,千粒重和单株产量均不同程度下降,其中突变体"eR-1"和"eR-2"的单株产量显著下降。等位性测定表明,突变体"eR-1"、"eR-2"、"eR-4"和"eR-5"的eui突变基因相互等位,并与已报道的eui基因等位,而与突变体"eR-3"的eui突变基因不等位。由此说明,"eR-3"是一个新的长穗颈突变体,其长穗颈性状受1对隐性核基因控制。

Five mutants ＂eR-1-eR-5＂ with elongated uppermost internode（eui） derived from indica rice ＂93-11＂ induced by Cobalt-60 gamma rays.Compared with those of wild type ＂93-11＂,plant heights and uppermost and second uppermost internodes of mutants significantly increased and elongated,panicle lengths of mutants significantly lengthened,the tillering ability was improved in mutants ＂eR-4＂ and ＂eR-5＂,and there was no significant difference in number of grains per panicle and seed setting rate,1 000-grain weights and yield per plant were reduced to different extents in mutants,especially significant decreases appeared in yield per plant of mutant ＂eR-1＂ and ＂eR-2＂.Allelic test indicated that the eui genes of mutants ＂eR-1,2,4,5＂ were allelic to each other and the previously reported eui,but non-allelic to the eui gene of mutant ＂eR-3＂,suggesting it is a new mutation.Genetic analysis of new eui mutant ＂eR-3＂ showed that the elongated uppermost internode（eui） trait was controlled by one recessive nucleic gene.