生态女性主义视域下的西方女性主义体育理论

On Western Feminist Sports Theories from the Perspective of Ecological Feminism

自由女性主义和激进女性主义是西方女性主义体育理论的两大流派。自由女性主义力图实现女性在运动中的平等参与机会,但未触及体育结构的根本。激进女性主义对性别结构和父权制展开激烈批评,并将女性解放的可能路径诉诸于跨性别运动和放弃家庭。激进女性主义的方案在现实中给许多女性体育参与者造成实践困境,而解决此需要从生态女性主义寻求知识营养。生态女性主义强调女性与自然的关联,并呼吁女性重新思考其在私人领域中的角色,为女性体育指明的道路是休闲体育和家庭体育。

Liberal feminism and radical feminism are the main theories of western feminist sport theory. The former focuses on equal participation in sports while neglecting the root of sport structure. The latter criticizes the gender structure and patriarchy greatly and resort to trans-gender sport and giving up families in order to seek for female emancipation, though it has brought many problems to female sport participants in reality. Both of them find solutions from ecological feminism, in that it strengthens the connection between women and nature, and asks women reconsider their roles in private spheres. And it also points out that leisure sport and family sports are the paths for women sport.