转向器支座强度的试验测试和仿真分析

Stress testing and simulation analysis of steering gearbox bracket

客车转向器支座常因焊缝疲劳裂纹而失效,目前还未能直接测得角焊焊缝处的应力分布和大小。该文将试验测试方法和有限元分析相结合,通过对支座在不同工况下测点的实测应力与有限元仿真结果进行对比分析,得出两者之间的误差,由此推算出在最大载荷时支座焊缝处的实际应力分布和大小,其理论误差小于15%。通过优化支座的结构设计,仿真分析结果显示整个支座的最大应力值可降低63%以上,该优化设计方案已经成功地应用到支座的改进设计与生产制造中。

The bracket of a bus＇s steering gearbox is often failure due to weld fatigue crack,and now there is no way that can measure the stress distribution and the size of stress at the angle weld directly.Comparing with the testing methods and finite element analysis,the results of stress tested directly in different conditions and the simulation results by finite element analysis are compared and analyzed and the error between the two results is obtained.By this way,the actual stress distribution and the size of stress are calculated while the load on the weld of steering gearbox is the biggest.The theoretical error is less than 15%.By optimizing the structure of bearing design,the simulation results show that the maximum stress value of the steering gearbox can be reduced more than 63%.And the simulated design has been successfully applied to improve the gearbox designing and manufacturing.