尿蛋白电泳在肾脏疾病诊断中的临床应用

Clinical application of urine protein electrophoresis in diagnosis of kidney diseases

目的根据蛋白质分子量不同,采用十二烷基硫酸钠琼脂糖凝胶(SDS-AGE)对尿蛋白进行电泳,以判断肾脏疾病的受损部位及病变程度。方法采用法国Sebia公司HYDRASYS全自动电泳分析仪对104例肾脏疾病患者尿液进行电泳分析。结果根据尿蛋白电泳图谱扫描测定,104例尿蛋白电泳显示10例为生理性蛋白尿,37例为肾小球性蛋白尿,12例为肾小管性蛋白尿,45例为混合性蛋白尿,其中20例同时做肾活检,系膜增生性肾小球肾炎18例,膜增生性肾小球肾炎2例,SDS-AGE尿蛋白电泳结果与肾活检结果基本相符。结论琼脂糖尿蛋白电泳技术简便快速,无创伤,对早期肾损伤的诊断,肾脏损伤部位分析,指导治疗和判断预后有较高的价值。

Objective To explore the position and severity of kidney diseases according to the urine protein molecular weight by urine protein electrophoresis with sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel（SDS-AGE）.Methods Urine samples obtained from 104 patients with kidney diseases were examined by urine protein electrophoresis on a HYDRASYS automated gel electrophoresis apparatus（Sebia）.Results According to the results of electrophoresis,104 urine samples were classified as the following categories：10 were physiological proteinuria;37 were glomerular proteinuria;12 were tubular proteinuria;45 were mixed proteinuria.Among the 20 patients who underwent percutaneous renal biopsy simultaneously,18 were mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis,2 were membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.The results of urine protein electrophoresis were in accordance with renal biopsy.Conclusion This technique（SDS-AGE electrophoresis） is simple and noninvasive.It has a great value for early diagnosis of kidney disease,analysis of the renal damage position,guidance of the treatment,and judgement of the prognosis.