《老子》今注考辨

Textual Research on the Present Annotation of "Lao Tzu"

清代以后的《老子》注释,由于各种原因产生一些词义误考。以晚近发现的马王堆汉墓帛书《老子》为底本,与各家注释所据的传世本进行对勘,择取"粪"、"握固"、"加人"三词,对诸家释义进行考辨,或择善而从,或别出新意,认为三词分别为"为田施肥"、"握拳紧"、"施加"义。

For various reasons,the annotations after the Qing Dynasty on ＂Lao Tzu＂ had some mistaken divergences.Taken the original copy of ＂Lao Tzu＂ on silk in the tombs of Han Dynasty in Mawangdui excavated in modern time as the copy for the record,the paper checked and compared with the annotations on the other copies handed down from ancient times,among which three expressions-＂粪＂,＂握固＂,＂加人＂ are examined in particular.The paper,after selecting the best from among many and finding out the new interpretation,works out the new annotations that the three expressions mean ＂to fertilize the field＂,＂to hold fist tightly＂,and ＂to bring to bear＂ respectively.